Биография Дж. К. Джерома на английском языке

Jerome K. Jerome (1859-1927) best known for his comic masterpiece Three Men in a Boat. (1889)

Jerome Klapka Jerome was born 2 May 1859 in Belsize House, Bradford Street, Walsall, Staffordshire, in the heart of England. He was the fourth child of Jerome Clapp Jerome, (1807–1872) a well-respected nonconformist lay preacher and architect who died when Jerome was fourteen. Jerome's mother was Marguerite Jones, (d. 1872) daughter of a solicitor. Jerome's middle name was in honour of a family friend, Hungarian exile and hero George Klapka. Jerome had two sisters, Paulina Deodata and Blandina Dominica, and a brother Milton Melancthon.

Jerome's childhood was very difficult as his parents were falling into financial ruin and it left its mark on him. His father had a streak of bad luck with an unsuccessful attempt at mining speculation, then in investment of an ironmongers and then coal mining. Early on Jerome wanted to become a Member of Parliament, but that was not to be. He attended the Philological School, later known as the Marylebone Grammar School. In 1872 his mother died and he was on his own. He started work at the London and North Western Railway. He had a number of occupations then including journalism and school teaching, and a number of disappointments with the rejections of many short stories and satires he wrote. His experience as an actor led to his novel On the Stage—and Off (1885) and his play Barbara. (1886) In true Jerome style he dedicated his collection of essays The Idle Thoughts of an Idle Fellow (1886) to his pipe: "To the friend who, treated with marked coolness by all the female members of my household, and regarded with suspicion by my very dog, nevertheless seems day by day to be more drawn by me, and in return to more and more impregnate me with the odor of his friendship."

On 21 June 1888 Jerome married divorcee Georgina Elizabeth Henrietta Stanley Marris, "Ettie" (1859–1938) who had a daughter from her previous marriage, his beloved "Elsie" who would die in 1921. Jerome and Georgina's daughter Rowena was born in 1898. Despite his straitened circumstances he kept his sardonic humour and wrote his slapstick tale of a riverboat trip up the Thames, Three Men in a Boat, (1889) subtitle to say nothing of the dog. The story was inspired by his honeymoon and based on himself and two real-life friends, George Wingrave, whom he'd met while a clerk, and Carl Hentschel whom he'd met through the theatre.

"It always does seem to me that I am doing more work than I should do. It is not that I object to the work, mind you; I like work: it fascinates me. I can sit and look at it for hours." Three Men in a Boat (to Say Nothing of the Dog)

Jerome's penury had paid off and Three Men in a Boat was an instant success. It clinched his reputation as a humourist and he was encouraged to devote his full efforts to writing.

Now well-placed in the heart of literary London, in 1893 Jerome founded the co-weekly Today and in 1892 he founded and co-edited The Idler with his friend and fellow humourist Robert Barr. It was a satirical gentlemen’s illustrated monthly catering to men who appreciated idleness, and extolled the virtues of idle-making pursuits. Jerome was well-connected in literary society at this point and with such mordant and witty contributors as Mark Twain, Luke Sharpe (Barr's pseudonym), Rudyard Kipling and Sir Arthur Conan Doyle it was a huge success. Lampooning Victorian values with essays, cartoons and anecdotal tales, it also contained sports reports and short stories. Another of the many contributors was W.W. Jacobs. "Often he will spend… an entire morning constructing a single sentence,” Jerome wrote. "If he writes a four thousand word story in a month, he feels he has earned a holiday; and the reason that he does not always take it is that he is generally too tired." His controversial style of journalism led to a libel suit in 1897 against Jerome which he lost, costing ?9000. He would write of the saga: "I have the satisfaction of boasting that it was the longest case, and one of the most expensive ever heard in the Court of Queen’s Bench." Jerome sold his interest in both The Idler and Today.

Jerome was off to Germany in 1898 which inspired his Three Men on the Bummel (1900). This sequel to Three Men in a Boat was about their cycling tour of the Black Forest. Jerome would also travel to Norway and Russia. In 1902 he published his autobiographical Paul Kelver. Five years later his success would take him on a lecture tour of the United States.

Jerome had always taken to using humour as panacea though privately he was often melancholy. His play The Passing of the Third Floor Back, (1908) with an uncharacteristic moral tone was only a success after people got used to his new style of delivery. The English army wouldn't accept his service but in 1916 Jerome was an ambulance driver for the French army. He would return to England after the war and like many it had taken away a large part of his spirit of good humour. Jerome's autobiography My Life and Times was published in 1926. On 17 February 1927 Jerome went back to Belsize house where a tablet graces his birth home and he was given the honour of Freeman of the Borough of Walsall in the Town Hall, followed by a dinner. On the occasion Jerome said "This Freedom of the Borough, it is the people's knighthood. I take it you have conferred upon me the Knighthood of Walsall, and I shall always be proud of my spurs." He wrote to the Mayor about just how touched his was by the entire ceremony.

On 14 June 1927 Jerome died in Northampton General Hospital after suffering a series of strokes. He was cremated at Golders Green, Middlesex on 17 June and buried at St Mary's Church, Ewelme, Oxfordshire. On 29 October 1938 Georgina Elizabeth Henrietta Stanley Marris died. She, along with Ettie, Elsie and his sister Blandina now lie buried beside Jerome.

The Jerome K. Jerome Society was formed in 1984 and consists of members from all over the globe. Belsize house holds the Jerome K. Jerome museum and houses a fair amount of photographs, books and personal items of Jerome's.

"Let your boat of life be light, packed with only what you need - a homely home and simple pleasures, one or two friends, worth the name, someone to love and someone to love you, a cat, a dog, and a pipe or two, enough to eat and enough to wear, and a little more than enough to drink; for thirst is a dangerous thing." from Three Men in a Boat (to Say nothing of the Dog)

"It is in our faults and failings, not in our virtues, that we touch one another and find sympathy." from Idle Thoughts of an Idle Fellow

Biography written by C.D. Merriman for Jalic LLC. Copyright Jalic LLC 2005. All Rights Reserved.

Источник: www.online-literature.com

Тем временем:

... Мне представилось также бесспорным, что с этой точки зрения книга, озаглавленная «Шесть» («A Set of Six»), — из нее взят для данного сборника один рассказ, — очень отличается своей последовательно выдержанной манерой четкого и беспристрастного изображения от всех сборников новелл, которые я когда-либо опубликовывал. Однако время действия этих рассказов охватывает почти все девятнадцатое столетие, а в пространстве они переносятся из Южной Америки в Англию и Россию, чтобы закончить свой путь на юге Италии. Один благожелательный критик сказал мне как-то в частной беседе, что в этой моей книге меньше всего ощущается атмосфера по сравнению со всеми другими; и я воспринял это как комплимент тому внутреннему единству, которое мне хочется видеть в каждом собрании моих небольших рассказов. Таким же образом я воспринимаю мысль одного из рецензентов книги «Приливы и отливы» («Within the Tides»), что «вся книга в целом производит впечатление чего-то большего, чем составляющие ее части», как подтверждение моего собственного представления о ней: именно, что мне удалось сплавить разнообразие тем и воплощения их в какое-то последовательное единство, характерное для определенного периода моей литературной работы.

Благосклонный читатель поймет теперь, почему, придерживаясь такого взгляда на свой короткие произведения, я было отшатнулся от мысли о том, чтобы сдвинуть хоть один из моих рассказов с предназначенного ему места в той группе, к которой он с самого начала принадлежал, тем более что группировка эта никогда не была результатом какого-то заранее намеченного плана. Просто так «само собой выходило». А то, что «выходит само собой» в работе писателя, всегда кажется очень важным и ценным, потому что оно берет свое начало в более глубинных источниках, чем, скажем, логика продуманной теории или уроки, извлеченные из проанализированной практики. И не следует оспаривать эту точку зрения художника, для которого самовыражение должно быть, как подсказывает само это слово, главной целью, если только не единственным смыслом существования...

Джозеф Конрад (Joseph Conrad)
«Предисловие к коротким рассказам»